12/30/2023 0 Comments Netflix data breach 2021Second, we present nine original field experiments that increase the statistical evidence in the literature about the persuasive effects of personal contact 10-fold. First, a systematic meta-analysis of 40 field experiments estimates an average effect of zero in general elections. We argue that the best estimate of the effects of campaign contact and advertising on Americans’ candidates choices in general elections is zero. Broockman in a 2018 study published by American Political Science Review: The best evidence in this area comes from Joshua Kalla and David E. And once everybody has their own reality, it’s relatively easy to manipulate them.” According to the latest research from political science, this is completely bogus (and it’s the same marketing puffery that Cambridge Analytica would pitch to prospective clients). There’s a line in The Great Hack that sums up the opinion of the filmmakers and the subjects in their story: “ There’s 2.1 billion people, each with their own reality. Cambridge Analytica was selling snake oil (no, you are not easily manipulated) But the social media company failed to notify users that their data had been misused or confirm via an independent audit that the data was actually deleted. Upon learning of the sale, Facebook directed Alex Kogan and Cambridge Analytica to delete the data. Kogan then sold that data to Cambridge Analytica, without the consent of the affected Facebook users and in express violation of Facebook’s prohibition on selling Facebook data between third and fourth parties. What crossed the line was what happened next. And though some may disagree with Facebook’s policy for sharing user data with third-party developers, collecting data in this manner was in compliance with Facebook’s terms of service at the time. For context, even if we assume all 30 million were registered voters, that means the data could be used to create profiles for less than 20 percent of the relevant population. This process captured data on “at least 30 million identifiable U.S. Those who took the quiz shared some of their own Facebook data as well as their friends’ data (so long as the friends’ privacy settings allowed third-party app developers to access their data). Between 250,000 and 270,000 people were paid a small amount of money to take this quiz. In this case, the psychographic profile is the person’s Big Five (or OCEAN) personality traits, which research has shown are relatively stable throughout our lives:īut how to get the Facebook data to create these profiles? A researcher at Cambridge University, Alex Kogan, created an app called thisismydigitallife, a short quiz for determining your personality type. Cambridge Analytica wanted to use Facebook data to create a “psychographic” profile - i.e., personality type - of each voter and then micro-target them with political messages tailored to their personality type, ultimately with the hope of persuading them to vote for Cambridge Analytica’s client (or at least to not vote for the opposing candidate). In 2013, researchers published a paper showing that you could predict some personality traits - openness and extraversion - from an individual’s Facebook Likes. In this article, I will review the background of the case and show seven things the documentary gets wrong about the Facebook-Cambridge Analytica data scandal. In the process, the film wildly overstates the significance of the scandal in either the 2016 US presidential election or the 2016 UK referendum on leaving the EU. Unfortunately, in attempting to tell a simple narrative, the documentary obscures more than it reveals about what actually happened in the Facebook-Cambridge Analytica data scandal. This excerpt from the beginning of Netflix’s The Great Hack shows the goal of the documentary: to provide one easy explanation for Brexit and the election of Trump, two of the most surprising electoral outcomes in recent history. Because you get to see inside the beast, you get to see inside the system. And if David finds out the data beneath his profile, you’ll start to be able to connect the dots in various ways with Facebook and Cambridge Analytica and Trump and Brexit and all these loosely-connected entities.
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